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ATTI del Terzo Congresso Nazionale di Selvicoltura per il miglioramento e la conservazione dei
boschi italiani |
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doi: 10.4129/CNS2008.006 Citazione
- Citation
Autori - Authors MENOZZI
P., Dipartimento
di Scienze Ambientali, Università di Parma
Titolo: PROSPETTIVE
PER GLI STUDI SULLA VARIABILITÀ GENETICA IN SPECIE FORESTALI Title: PERSPECTIVES FOR GENETIC VARIABILITY RESEARCH IN FOREST TREE SPECIES
Parole
chiave: genomica ecologica,
struttura della comunità, processi ecosistemici. Riassunto
Summary Recent
research offers stimulating perspectives for the study of genetic
variation within forest tree species. A good example is Ecological
Genomics based on the so called “extended phenotype”, i.e. the
expression of genes above the individual and the population level, at the
community and at the ecosystem process level. For instance, the genetic
profile of a host species alters the structure of the herbivore and
detrivore community. The latter in turn affects litter decomposition
dynamics and Nitrogen mineralization. It
is important to be aware of the often low correlation between variation
measured by neutral genetic markers and that measured by quantitative
traits (usually considered adaptive). For example in a large study of
variation of phenology among poplar populations from a 10 degree
latitudinal range, a large differentiation in quantitative traits was
found among populations while neutral genetic markers showed a variation
one order of magnitude smaller. Variability remained low even when SNP
markers (Single Nucleotite Polymorphism) found associated with phenology
in other species were used. A more refined selection of
SNPs later found polymorphism associated with phenological traits
in the same species. These new
perspectives enrich the classical uses of within species variability to
investigate important ecological processes (paternity assessment,
migration-gene flow, individual reproductive success estimates (fitness),
inference from spatial variability of genetic diversity, etc.).
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